KNOWLEDGE BASE

This book explores the history of Eurasian beavers in Britain, from the last ice age until their historic extinction. It combines ecology, archaeology, and history, discussing the beaver's habitats, ecological impact, and interactions with humans. The book looks at archaeological evidence and historical records and argues that humans at one point relied a lot on, and learned a lot from, beaver activity! Please note, this resource is not open-access.

This article presents a study of fish communities in Canada. Different variables are tested to see how they influence the presence of different fish species. Beaver dams are shown to be very influential. Walleye and lake whitefish are linked with the absence of beaver dams, while northern pike are associated with their presence. Altitude, longitude, and predation, also play important roles.

Beavers are herbivores that travel from their home to gather food by cutting trees and plants. This study tested a theory called 'central-place foraging theory' by examining beavers' foraging behaviour. It found that beavers had a preference for certain tree species - alder is especially tasty for these Norwegian beavers. Food gathering declined further away from the water, and in these areas, larger trees were preferred. This was in line with the predicted foraging patterns.

In one specific valley in the USA, researchers presented two main threats to aquatic habitats and species. First, acid rain was found to limit the survival of brook trout in streams. Second, beaver activity had transformed streams into ponds. While ponds may increase habitat diversity, flooding from beaver dams had a negative impact on specific wetland habitats. The authors suggest that local management plans need to incorporate both of these issues. Please note, this resource is not open-access.

Human activities since colonisation have drastically changed river systems in North America by removing native animal populations and introducing new species. Alongside bison, prairie dogs, and grizzly bears, the author highlights beavers as having had significant geomorphic effects. Beavers trapped large sediment volumes, while bison wallows, for example, displaced sediment. The impacts of feral rabbits, horses, and pigs are also noted. Quantifying these impacts remains difficult, and the author emphasises the need for more research.